Search results for "Horizontal integration"
showing 2 items of 2 documents
Municipal Thematical and Territorial Indicator Systems for Sustainable Socio-Ecological Coastal Governance
2017
Abstract . There are recognized in Latvia the lack of locally based coastal socio-ecological research knowledge and its interpretation into municipal safety and development planning from one side as well as also only land-side oriented and separate sectorial development interests based coastal municipalities’ governance/planning practice from other side. Coastal governance practice development problems solution at the local level are to be seen at both ends of governance cycle – coastal situation evaluation (e.g. science) and policy design and implementation . Overall objective is to create, apply/test and use applicable interface system for integrated coastal science transfer into integrat…
Competition and horizontal integration in maritime freight transport
2010
This paper develops a theoretical model for freight transport characterized by competition between means of transport (the road and maritime sectors), where modes are perceived as differentiated products. Competitive behavior is assumed in the road freight sector, and there are constant returns to scale. In contrast, the freight maritime sector is characterized by oligopolistic behavior, where shipping lines enjoy economies of scale. The market equilibrium where the shipping lines behave as profit maximizers, provides a first approximation to the determinants of market shares, profits, and user welfare. We then characterize the equilibrium when horizontal integration of shipping lines occur…